Prediction of Gestational Diabetes through NMR Metabolomics of Maternal Blood

authors	Pinto, J; Almeida, LM; Martins, AS; Duarte, D; Barros, AS; Gahano, E; Pita, C; Almeida, MD; Carreira, IM; Gil, AM
nationality	International
journal	JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
author keywords	pregnancy; gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM); prediagnosis GDM; NMR; metabolomics; maternal plasma; lipid extracts
keywords	PRENATAL DISORDERS; PREGNANCY OUTCOMES; MELLITUS; PLASMA; HYPERGLYCEMIA; BIOMARKER; METABONOMICS; DIAGNOSIS; MOTHERS; PROFILE
abstract	Metabolic biomarkers of pre- and postdiagnosis gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) were sought, using nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) metabolomics of maternal plasma and corresponding lipid extracts. Metabolite differences between controls and disease were identified through multivariate analysis of variable selected H-1 NMR spectra. For postdiagnosis GDM, partial least squares regression identified metabolites with higher dependence on normal gestational age evolution. Variable selection of NMR spectra produced good classification Models for both pre- and postdiagnostic GDM. Prediagnosis GDM was accompanied by cholesterol increase and minor increases in lipoproteins (plasma), fatty acids, and triglycerides. (extracts). Small metabolite changes comprised variations in glucose (up regulated), amino acids, betaine, urea, creatine, and metabolites related to gut microflora. Most changes were enhanced upon GDM diagnosis, in addition to newly observed changes in low-M-w compounds. GDM prediction seems possible exploiting multivariate profile changes rather than a,set of univariate changes. Postdiagnosis GDM is successfully classified using a 26-resonance plasma biomarker. Plasma and extracts display comparable classification performance, the former enabling direct and more rapid analysis. Results and putative biochemical hypotheses require further,confirmation in larger cohorts of distinct ethnicities.
publisher	AMER CHEMICAL SOC
issn	1535-3893
year published	2015
volume	14
issue	6
beginning page	2696
ending page	2706
digital object identifier (doi)	10.1021/acs.jproteome.5b00260
web of science category	Biochemical Research Methods
subject category	Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
unique article identifier	WOS:000355962000031