Intestinal Microbial and Metabolic Profiling of Mice Fed with High Glucose and High-Fructose Diets

authors	Silva, JCP; Mota, M; Martins, FO; Nogueira, C; Goncalves, T; Carneiro, T; Pinto, J; Duarte, D; Barros, AS; Jones, JG; Gil, AM
nationality	International
journal	JOURNAL OF PROTEOME RESEARCH
author keywords	Fructose absorption; short-chain fatty acids; metabolic profiling; metabolomics; intestinal microbiota
keywords	CHAIN FATTY-ACIDS; INSULIN-RESISTANCE; GUT MICROBIOTA; HEPATIC STEATOSIS; BARRIER FUNCTION; BILE-ACIDS; OBESITY; INFLAMMATION; RAT; QUANTIFICATION
abstract	Increased sugar intake is implicated in Type-2 diabetes and fatty liver disease; however, the mechanisms through which glucose and fructose promote these conditions are unclear. We hypothesize that alterations in intestinal metabolite and microbiota profiles specific to each monosaccharide are involved. Two groups of six adult C57BL/6 mice were fed for 10-weeks with diets with glucose (G) or fructose (F) as sole carbohydrates, and a third group was fed with a normal chow carbohydrate mixture (N). Fecal metabolites were profiled by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and microbial composition by real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR). Although N, G and F mice exhibited similar weight gains (with slight slower gains for F) and glucose tolerance, multivariate analysis of NMR data indicated that F mice were separated from N and G, with decreased butyrate and glutamate and increased fructose, succinate, taurine, tyrosine, and xylose. The different sugar diets also resulted in distinct intestinal microbiota profiles. That associated with fructose seemed to hold more potential to induce host metabolic disturbances compared to glucose, mainly by promoting bile acid deconjugation and taurine release and compromising intestinal barrier integrity. This may reflect the noted nonquantitative intestinal fructose absorption hence increasing its availability for microbial metabolism, a subject for further investigation.
publisher	AMER CHEMICAL SOC
issn	1535-3893
year published	2018
volume	17
issue	8
beginning page	2880
ending page	2891
digital object identifier (doi)	10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00354
web of science category	Biochemical Research Methods
subject category	Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
unique article identifier	WOS:000441112800030