Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of different morphological parts of Cynara cardunculus L. var. altilis (DC)

authors	Ramos, PAB; Santos, SAO; Guerra, AR; Guerreiro, O; Freire, CSR; Rocha, SM; Duarte, MF; Silvestre, AJD
nationality	International
journal	INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
author keywords	Cultivated cardoon; Phenolic compounds; Hydroxycinnamic acids; High temperature-ultra-high pressure liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry analysis; Antioxidant activity
keywords	SCOLYMUS L.; MASS-SPECTROMETRY; GLOBE ARTICHOKE; CULTIVATED CARDOON; CAFFEOYLQUINIC ACIDS; POTENTIAL SOURCE; LC-DAD; IDENTIFICATION; POLYPHENOLS; FLAVONOIDS
abstract	The phenolic composition of Cynara cardunculus L. var. altilis (DC) from south of Portugal was determined by analyzing the methanol/water/acetic acid (49.5:49.5:1) extracts of the different morphological parts of the plant, through high temperature-ultra high pressure liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry. From the twenty-eight phenolic compounds identified, eriodictyol hexoside was described for the first time in C. cardunculus L., and 1,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid, naringenin 7-O-glucoside, naringenin rutinoside, naringenin, luteolin acetyl-hexoside and apigenin acetyl-hexoside as cardoon components. Stalks outer part and capitula florets showed the highest hydroxycinnamic acids and flavonoids contents, respectively. Capitula receptacle and bracts, and stalks inner part also presented considerably high hydroxycinnamic acids contents, while leaves were rich in flavonoids. Finally, stalks outer part and capitula receptacle and bracts extracts showed the highest antioxidant activity which was in perfect tune with the phenolic compounds, particularly to hydroxycinnamic acids. These results clearly demonstrate the potential of this crop as a source of antioxidant phenolic compounds. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
publisher	ELSEVIER SCIENCE BV
issn	0926-6690
year published	2014
volume	61
beginning page	460
ending page	471
digital object identifier (doi)	10.1016/j.indcrop.2014.07.042
web of science category	Agricultural Engineering; Agronomy
subject category	Agriculture
unique article identifier	WOS:000343339200060