Transient liquid-phase assisted low-temperature spark plasma sintering of TiCN with Si aids

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abstract

The feasibility of densifying TiCN at a much lower temperature than currently by using transient liquid-phase assisted spark plasma sintering (SPS) with Si aids is demonstrated. Firstly, it is shown that TiCN can be fully densified by SPS at 1400 degrees C with only 5 vol% Si aids, a temperature at which TiCN hardly densifies at all, resulting in novel superhard (similar to 21.5 GPa) ceramic composites having fine-grained (<1 m) multi-particulate microstructures with TiCN as the main phase and SiC, TiSi2, and TiN as secondary phases. It is found that all this is because Si is a reactive sintering aid (2TiC(0.5)N(0.5)+3Si -> SiC+TiSi2+TiN) and because during SPS two eutectic melts are formed, first a Si-rich one at similar to 1275 degrees C and then a TiSi2-rich one at similar to 1375 degrees C. Secondly, it is shown that TiCN can also be fully densified by SPS at only 1275 degrees C with 5 vol% Si aids, giving the same superhard ceramic composites as at 1400 degrees C, but requiring much longer holding because only the Si-rich eutectic melt is formed. And thirdly, it is shown that the densification of TiCN+Si is more favoured with increasing vol% Si aids, which is important for its pressureless sintering, and also that these superhard multi-particulate TiCN-based composites are slightly less hard but slightly tougher and lighter the more SiC, TiSi2, and TiN secondary phases are formed in situ during SPS by the reaction between TiCN and Si.

keywords

DENSIFICATION MECHANISM; 2-PHASE CERAMICS; TOUGHNESS CURVES; BEHAVIOR; MODEL; SOLUBILITY; CERMETS; BINDER; FIELD

subject category

Materials Science

authors

Ojalvo, C; Mineiro, R; Fernandes, CM; Senos, AMR; Ortiz, AL

our authors

foto Ana Maria de Oliveira e Rocha Senos

Ana Maria de Oliveira e Rocha Senos

Collaborator
no photo

Cristina Maria da Silva Fernandes

Collaborator

Groups

G2 - Photonic, Electronic and Magnetic Materials
G3 - Electrochemical Materials, Interfaces and Coatings

Projects

Manufatura aditiva de compósitos de base cerâmica para componentes mecânicos (3DCompCer)

CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDB/50011/2020)

acknowledgements

The authors acknowledge the financial support provided by la Junta de Extremadura under Grants nos. IB20017 and GR21170 as well as COMPETE, Programa Operacional Factores de Competividade, 3D Compcer (POCI-01-0247-FEDER-047060), all co-financed with FEDER Funds. This work was also developed within the scope of the project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, UIDB/50011/2020, UIDP/ 50011/2020 & LA/P/0lingu006/2020, financed by Portugal national funds through the FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC). Cristina Ojalvo acknowledges support from the Spanish Ministry of Universities through the programme "Margarita Salas para la formacion de jovenes doctores", co- funded by the European Union

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Publication Details

type
Journal Article
year
2024
journal
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
volume
44
publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
issn
0955-2219
isbn
1873-619X
issue
3
digital object identifier
10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2023.10.010
web of science article identifier
WOS:001122726600001

Journal Metrics (JCR 2019)

Journal Impact Factor
4.495
Journal Impact Factor (5 yrs)
4.283
category normalized journal percentile
98.214

Citations

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