abstract
Herein, we demonstrate for the first time the feasibility of employing significant amounts (up to 80 wt%) of unexplored industrial wastes (red mud and biomass fly ash) in the production of highly porous 3D-printed geopolymer lattices envisioned for wastewater treatment applications. This without compromising the mechanical performance of the geopolymers relative to those obtained using commercial precursors. The impact of the fly ash incorporation content in the fresh-state (calorimetric and reological characterization) and hardenedstate (porosity and mechanical strength) properties of the produced structures was evaluated. Moreover, the influence of key printing parameters, including nozzle diameter and geometry alignment, on the resulting properties of the lattices was also evaluated. The most promising compositions were then evaluated as lead sorbents under continuous flow. The waste-based 3D-printed lattices showed remarkable adsorption ability reaching >95 % removal efficiency after 2 h. This sustainable strategy is in line with the United Nations sustainable development goals and the transition to a circular economy, reducing the consumption of natural resources and simultaneously contributing to reducing water pollution.
keywords
FLY-ASH; RED MUD
subject category
Engineering; Environmental Sciences & Ecology
authors
Almeida, MM; Gonçalves, NPF; Gameiro, T; Alves, Z; Labrincha, JA; Novais, RM
our authors
João António Labrincha Baptista
Full professor
Maria Margarida Tavares Lopes Almeida
Retired Professor
Mariana Marques de Almeida
PhD Student
Nuno Gonçalves
Junior Researcher
Rui Miguel Novais
Assistant Professor
Tânia Gameiro
Junior Researcher
Zélia Ribeiro Alves
Junior ResearcherGroups
G1 - Porous Materials and Nanosystems
G4 - Renewable Materials and Circular Economy
G5 - Biomimetic, Biological and Living Materials
Projects
CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDB/50011/2020)
CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDP/50011/2020)
Associated Laboratory CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials (LA/P/0006/2020)
3D Printed Fouling-Resistant Photoactive Membranes for Wastewater Treatment (PURAQUA)
acknowledgements
This work was developed within the scope of the project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, UIDB/50011/2020 (DOI 10.54499/UIDB/50011/2020), UIDP/50011/2020 (DOI 10.54499/UIDP/50011/2020) & LA/P/0006/2020 (DOI 10.54499/LA/P/0006/2020), financed by national funds through the FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) . The authors would like to thank FCT project MAXIMUM (PTDC-CTM-CTM-2205-2020, DOI 10.54499/PTDC/CTM-CTM/2205/2020). NG acknowledge the funding from the European Union's Horizon Europe research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Actions PF grant agreement No 101065059.