abstract
The application of vibrational microspectroscopy to the study of in vitro mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) osteogenic differentiation is a promising approach towards the understanding of the molecular processes involved in bone fabrication. Both infrared (IR) and Raman microspectroscopies have been applied, with a clear predominance of the latter. Bone marrow MSC have been the target of most studies, followed by those originating from dental/oral and adipose tissues. Interests have increasingly addressed single cell and extracellular matrix characterization at the molecular level. Most studies have focused on the characteristics and maturity of time-course mineralization, attempting to localize mineral aggregates formed onto the evolving collagen strands. Some reports have focused on time-dependent changes in protein structure and other components of extracellular matrix components. Besides spectral band examination through position, linewidth and shape, selected band ratios have proved largely informative to assess mineral species evolution and mineral-to-organic matrix interactions over time. The increasing use of multivariate analysis (or chemometrics) and machine learning strategies to detect finer spectral variations is evident, as is the promise of more recent IR and Raman variations to provide higher sensitivity and spatial resolution conditions. The label-free non-invasive nature of vibrational microspectroscopy makes it particularly promising for rapid and effective selection of suitable MSC donors, to support scale-up procedures for translation to the clinic. Some of the challenges to be faced are briefly discussed.
keywords
RAMAN-SPECTROSCOPY; OSTEOGENIC DIFFERENTIATION; BONE; MICROSCOPY; FTIR
subject category
Cell Biology; Research & Experimental Medicine
authors
Bispo, DS; Graça, ICR; Rodrigues, JA; Martins, JTS; Nolasco, MM; Marques, MPM; Nogueira, HIS; Mano, JF; Oliveira, MB; Ribeiro-Claro, PJA; Gil, AM
our authors
Ana Maria Pissarra Coelho Gil
Associate Professor with Aggregation
Daniela Bispo
Junior Researcher
Helena Isabel Seguro Nogueira
Assistant Professor with Aggregation
Inês C. R. Graça
PhD Student
João A. Rodrigues
Junior Researcher
João Mano
Full professor
João Tomás Silva Martins
PhD Student
Mariana Braga de Oliveira
Assistant Researcher
Mariela Martins Nolasco
Assistant Researcher
Paulo Ribeiro-Claro
Associate Professor with AggregationGroups
G1 - Porous Materials and Nanosystems
G5 - Biomimetic, Biological and Living Materials
G6 - Virtual Materials and Artificial Intelligence
Projects
CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDB/50011/2020)
CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDP/50011/2020)
Associated Laboratory CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials (LA/P/0006/2020)
Metabolite-activated 3D stem cell differentiation into bone (BetterBone)
acknowledgements
The authors declare that they have not use AI-generated work in this manuscript