abstract
The physicochemical and sensory properties of wines are influenced by several factors, starting in the vineyard and evolving during the winemaking stages. After bottling, variables such as bottle position, closure type, storage temperature, and storage time shape wine characteristics. In this study, red wines stored for approximately 0.5 and 3 years with natural cork, micro-agglomerated cork stoppers, and screw cap closures were analyzed. Various techniques were employed to investigate changes during bottle storage, including the determination of volatile components by comprehensive gas chromatography-mass spectrometry with time-of-flight analyzer (GC x GC-ToFMS), phenolic profile by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography, coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-DAD-MSn), general physicochemical parameters, the oxygen transfer rate of cork stoppers, and sensorial analysis performed by a trained panel. The results revealed that the type of closure created distinct environments within the bottles, slightly influencing both sensory attributes and chemical evolution of the red wines. These findings highlight the value of combining diverse analytical techniques to reveal closure-driven differences, with volatile compound profiling emerging as the most sensitive methodology. Additionally, this study emphasizes that differences modulated by the wine-closure pairing, which become more pronounced during storage, can serve as an oenological tool in the construction of a wine's identity.
keywords
VOLATILE FLAVOR COMPOUNDS; GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY-OLFACTOMETRY; BOUND AROMA CONSTITUENTS; CABERNET-SAUVIGNON WINES; NIGRUM L. JUICE; QUERCUS-SUBER L; PHENOLIC-COMPOUNDS; IMPACT COMPOUNDS; ESSENTIAL OIL; FLESHED NECTARINES
subject category
Food Science & Technology
authors
Mota, J; Viana, A; Martins, C; Pais, ACS; Santos, SAO; Silvestre, AJD; Machado, JP; Rocha, SM
our authors
Adriana Cabrita Sousa Pais
Post-Doc Fellowship
André Pinheiro Viana
PhD Student
Armando Jorge Domingues Silvestre
Full professor
Cátia Sofia Faria Martins
Post-Doc Fellowship
João Filipe Lopes da Mota
PhD Student
Sónia Andreia Oliveira Santos
Assistant ProfessorGroups
G4 - Renewable Materials and Circular Economy
G5 - Biomimetic, Biological and Living Materials
Projects
CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDB/50011/2020)
CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDP/50011/2020)
Associated Laboratory CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials (LA/P/0006/2020)
acknowledgements
This work was developed within the scope of the projects LAQV-REQUIMTE (UIDB/50006/2020 and UIDP/50006/2020) and CICECO (UIDB/50011/2020, UIDP/50011/2020 and LA/P/0006/2020), financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC (PID-DAC). FCT is also acknowledged for the research contract under Scientific Employment Stimulus to S. Santos (2021.03348.CEECIND).