abstract
The design of biomaterials highly biomimetic of bone has been associated with chemical compositions rich in metal ions, as well as with the replication of different levels of physiological porosity, fundamental for the interconnectivity, and consequent vascularization of the tissue. The usual numerical models that replicate the microstructure of bioceramics are mainly based on a highly complex molecular scale. In this work, easy-to-obtain real two-dimensional (2D) microstructure images of bioceramics are used to obtain the digital three-dimensional (3D) microstructure of tricalcium phosphate (TCP) doped with several metal ions and four levels of porosity. The methodology for segmenting the two-phase microstructure (dense TCP and pores), its grain boundaries, area and grain size distribution was calculated to obtain three numerical representative volume sizes of 7, 11, and 15 mu m3. Young modulus calculations showed an excellent similarity with experimental values, and much higher proximity than literature-available analytical methods:. 9.3 GPa, 24.9 GPa, 32.5 GPa, and 40.4 GPa for 48.5%, 30.2%, 18.9%, and 10.3% of porosity, respectively, with higher accuracy correlated with the use of higher edge length values.
keywords
TRICALCIUM PHOSPHATE; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; ELASTIC-MODULUS; HYDROXYAPATITE; POROSITY; DEPENDENCE; CERAMICS; ALPHA; MG2+
subject category
Materials Science
authors
Macedo, DF; Oliveira, MB; Oliveira, F; Silva, AP
our authors
Duarte Félix Macedo
PhD Student
Filipe José Alves de Oliveira
Principal Researcher
J. Martinho Oliveira
Coordinator Professor
Mariana Braga de Oliveira
Assistant ResearcherGroups
G3 - Electrochemical Materials, Interfaces and Coatings
G4 - Renewable Materials and Circular Economy
G5 - Biomimetic, Biological and Living Materials
Projects
CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDB/50011/2020)
CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDP/50011/2020)
Associated Laboratory CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials (LA/P/0006/2020)
acknowledgements
This work was supported by "FCT-Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, I.P./MCTES, through national funds (PIDDAC)", within the scope of the Unit I&D: C-MAST (Centre for Mechanical and Aerospace Science and Technology), Projects UIDB/00151/2020 () and UIDP/00151/2020 (). Also, this work was developed within the scope of the project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, UIDB/50011/2020, UIDP/50011/2020, and LA/P/0006/2020, financed by national funds through the FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC). Mariana B. Oliveira acknowledges national funds through FCT-Fundac & atilde;o para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, I.P., under the Scientific Employment Stimulus-Institutional Call-CEECINST/00013/2021. Duarte F. Macedo also acknowledges his PhD fellowship from FCT (2022.14478.BD).