Recent Developments and Challenges in the Application of Fungal Laccase for the Biodegradation of Textile Dye Pollutants

resumo

According to the European Environment Agency, the textile industry is responsible for 20% of global water pollution due to dyeing and finishing products, thus facing severe environmental challenges. It is essential to design more biocompatible and sustainable treatment processes capable of removing dyes from industrial wastewater to fight this environmental hazard. Chemical industries must change traditional chemical-based concepts to more environmentally friendly and greener processes to remove pollutants, including dyes. Enzymatic bioremediation is a smart tool and a promising alternative for environmental pollutant degradation. The use of enzymes in dye decolourization makes the process a green and clean alternative to conventional chemical treatments. Moreover, enzyme-mediated biocatalysis decreases the formation of toxic by-products compared to chemical reactions. The most used enzyme for the decolourization of dyes is laccase. Laccase is a multicopper oxidase found in diverse organisms such as fungi. It promotes the oxidation of phenolic compounds and has a wide range of substrate specificity, making it a promising enzyme for removing different dyes used by the textile industry, including recalcitrant aromatic dyes. The present article gives a comprehensive revision of textile dye decolourization, its types, recent developments in laccase-mediated dye bioremediation technologies, the mechanism of biocatalysis, and their limitations and challenges. Emphasis on the chemical pathways of laccase reaction mechanisms for dye bioremediation processes is also provided. In addition, a brief overview of textile industries and the respective traditional treatment processes for textile wastewater is presented.

palavras-chave

WASTE-WATER TREATMENT; ADVANCED OXIDATION PROCESSES; SULFONATED AZO DYES; WHITE-ROT FUNGI; REACTIVE DYES; BIOCHEMICAL-CHARACTERIZATION; ENZYMATIC DECOLORIZATION; SUSTAINABLE APPROACH; HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE; MEDIATOR SYSTEM

categoria

Chemistry

autores

Magalhaes, FF; Pereira, AF; Cristovao, RO; Barros, RAM; Faria, JL; Silva, CG; Freire, MG; Tavares, APM

Grupos

G5 - Materiais Biomiméticos, Biológicos e Vivos

Projectos

CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDB/50011/2020)

CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDP/50011/2020)

Associated Laboratory CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials (LA/P/0006/2020)

Collaboratory for Emerging Technologies, CoLab (EMERGING TECHNOLOGIES)

agradecimentos

This work was developed within the scope of the project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, UIDB/50011/2020, UIDP/50011/2020 & LA/P/0006/2020, financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC (PIDDAC). This research was funded by LA/P/0045/2020 (ALiCE) and UIDB/50020/ 2020-UIDP/50020/2020 (LSRE-LCM) funded by national funds through FCT/MCTES (PIDDAC) and by projects "Climactic - Citizenship for Climate - Building Bridges be-tween Citizenship and Science for Climate Adaptation" (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000071) and "Healthy Waters - Identification, Elimination, Social Awareness and Education of Water Chemical and Biological Micropollutants with Health and Environmental Implications" (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-000069), supported by Norte Portugal Regional Operational Programme (NORTE 2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF). A.P.M. Tavares acknowledges FCT for the research contract CEEC-IND/2020/01867. F. Magalhaes acknowledges the SPQ/FCT Ph.D. grant (SFRH/BD/150669/2020). Ana F. Pereira acknowledges the FCT Ph.D. grant (2022/13247/BD). R.A.M. Barros acknowledges the research fellowship from the 2DMAT4FUEL project (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-029600) funded by ERDF through COMPETE2020 - Programa Operacional Competitividade e Internacionalizacao (POCI) - and by national funds through FCT Ph.D. grant 2022.12055.BD.