resumo
Cancer remains a leading cause of mortality and morbidity worldwide. Consequently, the scientific community continues to pursue improvements in diagnostic methods and subsequent treatments. To enhance treatment efficacy and reduce the probability of adverse outcomes, reliable and sensitive diagnostic methods are essential. A potential solution may lie in the synergy between nanotechnology and optical biosensors, as they can provide exceptional sensitivity in the detection of disease biomarkers. This review focuses on fluorescent DNA probes assembled onto metal nanoparticles for cancer-related applications. These hybrid biosensors exhibit remarkable and versatile optical properties enabling to enhance signal emission by orders of magnitude. In these configurations, metallic particles function as optical antennas for fluorescent dyes, significantly increasing their photon emission rates. This review presents a novel perspective on recent advancements in cancer diagnostics and treatment utilizing hybrid biosensors. Current methodologies for cancer diagnostics are examined, toward elucidating their advantages and limitations. The subject matter is critically evaluated, and fundamental concepts are explored to assess the most promising avenues for clinical applications. These biosensors may potentially integrate into medical practice and healthcare in the near future, both for the diagnosis and prognosis of cancer, as well as for precision (P4) medicine.
palavras-chave
MESSENGER-RNA DETECTION; STRAND DISPLACEMENT AMPLIFICATION; TETRAHEDRAL DNA NANOSTRUCTURES; SINGLE-MOLECULE FLUORESCENCE; GOLD NANOPARTICLES; INTRACELLULAR MICRORNA; OPTICAL ANTENNAS; RECENT PROGRESS; ENERGY-TRANSFER; DNAZYME PROBE
categoria
Engineering; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science
autores
Botequim, D; Oliveira-Silva, R; Serra, VV; Zijlstra, P; Prazeres, DMD; Paulo, PMR
nossos autores
Rui Pedro Oliveira Silva
Bolseiro de pós-Doutoramentoagradecimentos
D.B. and R.O.-S. contributed equally to this work. D.B. and R.O.-S. acknowledge funding through grants from the Ph.D.-FCT program BIOTECnico PD/BD/113630/2015 and PD/BD/116850/2016, respectively. R.O.-S. also acknowledges funding through grant BIPD/UI89/6637/2023 from Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT), I.P. P.Z. acknowledges funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement no. 864772). P.M.R.P. acknowledges funding from FCT, through projects UIDB/00100/2020, UIDP/00100/2020, and 2022.04076.PTDC. The authors would like to acknowledge Doctor Ligia Pires Goncalves from Instituto Portugues de Oncologia (IPO Porto) for all the insights, clarifications, and fruitful discussion. Unless mentioned otherwise, all the images from this document were created by the authors using Blender. However, to build these images, some templates were used from the BlenderKit, BioBlender, and Molecular Nodes add-ons. The authors acknowledge the Molecular Nodes community, Seatla Moraka, and the Meshy platform.