resumo
The incorporation of continuous natural fibers as reinforcement in Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) is influenced by the intrinsic characteristics of the printing process. Analyzing the effects of this type of reinforcement is essential for achieving high-performance biocomposites. This study evaluates the impact of heating temperature on fiber and biocomposite properties, the types of voids generated during printing, and the quality of the fiber-matrix interface. Thermal and image analyses were conducted to investigate the fibers' thermal behavior and the presence of voids. Additionally, a novel methodology was developed to fabricate thermoplastic printed samples reinforced with natural large-diameter yarns for pull-out tests. The results indicate that the natural fibers exhibit suitable thermal stability for FFF applications, with the lignin degradation peak occurring between 294.6 and 366.1 degrees C, which is above the FFF printing temperature range for PLA (160-220 degrees C). However, image analysis revealed that larger yarn diameters compromise the interfacial bonding with the matrix material, despite partial impregnation along the perimeter of the yarn. Void content was observed to reach up to 57.0% of the total volume, emphasizing the inadequate material impregnation within the yarn structure. Overall, the findings confirm the potential of utilizing continuous natural fibers as reinforcements in FFF-based composites.
palavras-chave
SISAL FIBER; MECHANICAL-PROPERTIES; CELLULOSE NANOCRYSTALS; COMPOSITES; EXTRACTION; GLASS; DURABILITY; POLYMERS; MATRIX
categoria
Engineering; Materials Science
autores
dos Santos, NV; Cavalcanti, DKK; Neto, JSS; de Queiroz, HFM; Banea, MD; Cardoso, DCT
nossos autores
Mariana Banea
Professor associadoagradecimentos
All testing was conducted at the Laboratory of Structures and Materials of the Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro (PUC-Rio) and the Laboratory of Adhesives and Composite Materials of Celso Suckow da Fonseca Federal Center (CEFET-Rio). This study was financed in part by the Coordenacao de Aperfeicoamento de Pessoal de Nivel Superior-Brazil (CAPES)-Finance Code 001 and by Brazilian funding agencies FAPERJ and CNPq. This project was also supported by the State Institute of Engineering and Architecture (IEEA), linked to the State Department of Infrastructure of the State of Rio de Janeiro, through Contract 001/2021 with resources from the Government of the State of Rio de Janeiro.