The Role of Urinary Proteases in Bladder Cancer

resumo

Bladder cancer (BCa) is one of the most prevalent malignancies worldwide. Risk factors for BCa are well established and include smoking and infections, which can lead to immune system activation, altered gene expression patterns, proteolytic activity, tissue damage, and, ultimately, cancer development. Urine has become one of the most attractive diagnosis samples, and, notably, urine profiling by mass spectrometry allows the simultaneously analysis of multiple enzymes and their interactors, substrates, inhibitors, and regulators, providing an integrative view of enzymatic dynamics. Most BCa-associated enzymatic alterations take place at the level of proteases, being MMP-9, MMP-2, urokinase-type plasminogen activator, cathepsin D, and cathepsin G already related to BCa development and progression. Herein, we overview the role of proteases and the classes more studied in BCa pathogenesis, as well as the methodologies used for assessing protease amount and activity in urine samples, highlighting its advantages and limitations, and the value of urinary proteases as disease biomarkers.

autores

Bastos, P*; Magalhães, S*; Lara-Santos, L; Ferreira, R; Vitorino, R

nossos autores

Partilhe este projeto

Publicações similares

Usamos cookies para atividades de marketing e para lhe oferecer uma melhor experiência de navegação. Ao clicar em “Aceitar Cookies” você concorda com nossa política de cookies. Leia sobre como usamos cookies clicando em "Política de Privacidade e Cookies".