Additive-Assisted Aqueous Synthesis of BaTiO3 Nanopowders

authors	Maxim, F; Ferreira, P; Vilarinho, PM; Aimable, A; Bowen, P
nationality	International
journal	CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN
keywords	BARIUM-TITANATE; HYDROTHERMAL SYNTHESIS; PARTICLE-SIZE; THIN-FILMS; SOL-GEL; MORPHOLOGICAL EVOLUTION; CRYSTAL-STRUCTURE; GRAIN-SIZE; PRECIPITATION; GROWTH
abstract	The effect of poly(acrylic acid) (PAA), poly(vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), sodium dodecylsulfate (SDS), hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), and D-fructose additives on the growth of BaTiO3 particles by aqueous synthesis is studied. Through different mechanisms, all the tested additives influenced the growth of BaTiO3. For high concentrations, PAA adsorbed on specific crystallographic faces changing the growth kinetics and inducing the oriented attachment of the particles acting as a crystal growth modifier. PVP, SDS, and HPMC behave as growth inhibitors rather than crystal habit modifiers, and barium titanate crystals as small as 26 nm were obtained. D-Fructose appeared to increase the activation energy for barium titanate nucleation when the additive concentration increases. The present study gives new insights into how additives control barium titanate particle growth in aqueous media.
publisher	AMER CHEMICAL SOC
issn	1528-7483
year published	2010
volume	10
issue	9
beginning page	3996
ending page	4004
digital object identifier (doi)	10.1021/cg100596q
web of science category	Chemistry, Multidisciplinary; Crystallography; Materials Science, Multidisciplinary
subject category	Chemistry; Crystallography; Materials Science
unique article identifier	WOS:000281353900025