Supercritical CO2 extraction of V. vinifera leaves: Influence of cosolvents and particle size on removal kinetics and selectivity to target compounds

authors	de Melo, MMR; Carius, B; Simoes, MMQ; Portugal, I; Saraiva, J; Silva, CM
nationality	International
journal	JOURNAL OF SUPERCRITICAL FLUIDS
author keywords	BIC modeling; GC-MS; Soxhlet extraction; Supercritical fluid extraction; Vine leaves
keywords	RESPONSE-SURFACE OPTIMIZATION; GRAPE SEED OIL; FLUID EXTRACTION; CARBON-DIOXIDE; VOLUMETRIC PROPERTIES; OPERATING-CONDITIONS; ALOE-VERA; SOLUBILITY; PRODUCTS; ETHANOL
abstract	Leaves from Vitis vinifera L. contain potential bioactive compounds, namely: long chain aliphatic alcohols (e.g., 1-hexacosanol, 1-octacosanol and 1-triacontanol), alpha-tocopherol, beta-sitosterol, and the triterpenes beta-amyrin and lupeol. Supercritical fluid extraction (SFE) runs were measured at lab scale using: crushed and ground biomass; pure CO2 at 300 bar and 40-80 degrees C; and CO2 modified with 5 and 10 wt.% of ethanol or ethyl acetate. Total SFE yields ranged from 1.86 to 7.52 wt.%. The broken plus intact cells model (BICM), provided a good fitting of the SFE curves with 4.06 % error for total yield and 1.98-5.49 % for the individual yields of the said compounds. The BICM results revealed that the SFE is limited by intraparticle diffusion. Remarkable experimental and calculated selectivities were obtained for triterpenes (lupeol and beta-amyrin), starting with a score of 1.7 and increasing along time to 10-100. (C) 2020 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
publisher	ELSEVIER
issn	0896-8446
isbn	1872-8162
year published	2020
volume	165
digital object identifier (doi)	10.1016/j.supflu.2020.104959
web of science category	Chemistry, Physical; Engineering, Chemical
subject category	Chemistry; Engineering
unique article identifier	WOS:000558740300013