Mannosylated Dextran Derivatives Labeled with fac-[M(CO)(3)](+) (M=Tc-99m, Re) for Specific Targeting of Sentinel Lymph Node

authors	Morais, M; Subramanian, S; Pandey, U; Samuel, G; Venkatesh, M; Martins, M; Pereira, S; Correia, JDG; Santos, I
nationality	International
journal	MOLECULAR PHARMACEUTICS
author keywords	sentinel lymph node imaging; Tc-99m-tricarbonyl; Re-tricarbonyl; dextran; mannose
keywords	BIFUNCTIONAL CHELATORS; MACROPHAGES; CRYSTAL; ALBUMIN; AGENT
abstract	Despite being widely used in the clinical setting for sentinel lymph node detection (SLND), Tc-99m-based colloids (e.g., Tc-99m-human serum albumin colloids) present a set of properties that are far from ideal. Aiming to design novel compounds with improved biological properties, we describe herein the first class of fully characterized Tc-99m(CO)(3)-mannosylated dextran derivatives with adequate features for SLND. Dextran derivatives, containing the same number of pendant mannose units (13) and a variable number (n) of tridentate chelators (9, n = 1; 10, n = 4, 11, n = 12), have been synthesized and fully characterized. Radiolabeled polymers of the type fac-[Tc-99m(CO)(3)(k(3)-L)] (12, L = 9, 13, L = 10, 14, L 11) have been obtained quantitatively in high radiochemical purity (>= 98%) upon reaction of the dextran derivatives with fac-[Tc-99m(CO)(3)(H2O)(3)](+). The highly stable compounds 13 and 14 were identified by comparing their HPLC chromatograms with the ones obtained for the corresponding rhenium surrogates fac-[Re(CO)(3)(k(3)-10)] (13a) and fac-[Re(CO)(3)(k(3)-11)] (14a), which have been characterized both at the chemical (NMR and IR spectroscopy, and HPLC) and physical level (DLS, AFM and LDV). Compounds 13a and 14a present a positive zeta potential (+ 7.1 mV, pH 7.4) and a hydrodynamic diameter in the range 8.4-8.7 nm. Scintigraphic imaging and biodistribution studies in Wistar rats have shown good accumulation in the sentinel node at 60 mm postinjection (6.71 +/- 2.35%, 13; and 7.53 +/- 0.69%, 14), with significant retention up to 180 min. A clear delineation of the sentinel lymph node without significant washout to other regions was observed in the scintigraphic images. The popliteal extraction of 94.47 +/- 2.45% for 14 at 1 h postinjection, as compared to 61.81 +/- 2.4% for 13, indicated that 14 is a very promising compound to be further explored as SLN imaging agent.
publisher	AMER CHEMICAL SOC
issn	1543-8384
year published	2011
volume	8
issue	2
beginning page	609
ending page	620
digital object identifier (doi)	10.1021/mp100425p
web of science category	Medicine, Research & Experimental; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
subject category	Research & Experimental Medicine; Pharmacology & Pharmacy
unique article identifier	WOS:000289008600030