abstract
Harvesting ambient mechanical energy at the nanometric scale holds great promise for powering small electronics and achieving self-powered electronic devices. The current review is focused on kinetic energy harvesters, particularly on flexible piezoelectric nanogenerators (p-NGs) based on barium titanate (BaTiO3) nanomaterials. p-NGs based on nanotubes, nanowires, nanofibres, nanoplatelets, nanocubes or nanoparticles of BaTiO3 fabricated in vertical or lateral orientation, as well as mixed composite structures, are overviewed here. The achievable power output level is shown to depend on the fabrication method, processing parameters and potential application conditions. Therefore, the most widely studied aspects, such as influence of geometry/orientation, BaTiO3 content, poling process and other factors in the output performance of p-NGs, are discussed. The current standing of BaTiO3-based p-NGs as possible candidates for various applications is summarized, and the issues that need to be addressed for realization of practical piezoelectric energy harvesting devices are discussed.
keywords
BATIO3 NANOPARTICLES; MECHANICAL-ENERGY; THIN-FILM; TRIBOELECTRIC NANOGENERATOR; NANOCOMPOSITE GENERATOR; PERFORMANCE; GRAPHENE; SENSORS
subject category
Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
authors
Okhay, O; Tkach, A
our authors
Projects
CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDB/50011/2020)
CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDP/50011/2020)
Associated Laboratory CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials (LA/P/0006/2020)
acknowledgements
This work was supported by national funds, through FCT (Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia) in the scope of the framework contract foreseen in numbers 4, 5, and 6 of article 23 of the Decree Law 57/2016, of 29 August, UIDB/00481/2020 and UIDP/00481/2020; and CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-022083-Centro Portugal Regional Operational Programme (Centro2020), under the PORTUGAL 2020 Partnership Agreement, through the European Regional Development Fund and developed within the scope of the project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, UIDB/50011/2020, UIDP/50011/2020 & LA/P/0006/2020, financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC (PIDDAC) as well as within FCT independent researcher grant 2021.02284.CEECIND and FLEXIDEVICE project PTDC/CTMCTM/29671/2017.