abstract
The influence of the heteroatoms in the conformational, energetic, and reactivity trends exhibited by morpholine and thiomorpholine isosteres was obtained from computational and experimental thermochemical studies. For those purposes, the gas-phase standard (p = 0.1 MPa) molar enthalpies of formation of the compounds, at T = 298.15 K, were determined from the experimental values of the standard molar. enthalpies of formation, in the liquid phase, and of the standard molar: enthalpies of vaporization, obtained by calorimetric techniques, and also from composite G3(MP2)// B3LYP calculations making use of appropriate working reactions. A very good agreement was found between the calculated and the experimental gas-phase enthalpies of formation. The computational study was further extended to the calculation of other gas-phase thermodynamic properties these compounds, namely, the N-H or C-H bond dissociation enthalpies, gas-phase acidities and basicitics, proton affinities and adiabatic ionization enthalpies, and the energies and structures of the conformational stereoisomers of morpholine and thiomorpholine.
keywords
HOMODESMOTIC REACTIONS; CYCLIC HYDROCARBONS; MICROWAVE-SPECTRUM; BOMB CALORIMETRY; THERMOCHEMISTRY; DERIVATIVES; ENTHALPIES; ENERGIES; HETEROCYCLES; COMBUSTION
subject category
Thermodynamics; Chemistry; Engineering
authors
Freitas, VLS; Gomes, JRB; da Silva, MDMCR
our authors
José R. B. Gomes
Principal Researcheracknowledgements
This work was mainly supported by Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT), Lisbon, Portugal, and European Social Fund through strategic projects PEst-C/QUI/UI0081/2011 and PEst-C/CTM/LA0011/2013 awarded to CIQUP and CICECO, respectively. V.L.S.F. thanks FCT for Ph.D. research grant SFRH/BD/41672/2007 and for the postdoctoral grant SFRH/BPD/78552/2011. J.R.B.G. holds an Investigador FCT position.