abstract
The growing interest of chemical and oil refining industries in the catalytic oligomerization of alkenes for the production of synthetic fuels and additives formulated around light gasoline olefins is due to recent environmental restrictions and increasing diesel demand. Furthermore, the drive towards sustainability and the emergent contribution of biorefineries for the manufacture of intermediate and platform chemicals envisages olefins produced from biomass derived alcohols as an important feedstock for subsequent oligomerization. Over the last years much work has been published on the catalytic oligomerization of propene, butene, isobutene and isoamylene over cation exchange resins, such as Amberlyst and Purolite, and others like Nafion. For instance, isobutene dimers and trimers are accepted additives for gasoline (octane booster) and diesel (cetane booster) while isobutene higher oligomers can be a source for heavier fuels and synthetic lube oils. This paper presents a deep and critical review in the field discussing the influence of the resin (resin-type and their physical and structural properties), the operating conditions and additives used (polar compounds like alcohols), upon oligomerization conversion and selectivity. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
keywords
ION-EXCHANGE-RESINS; SOLID ACID CATALYSTS; SELECTIVE PROPYLENE DIMERIZATION; LIQUID-PHASE DIMERIZATION; OLEFINS OLIGOMERIZATION; ISOBUTENE DIMERIZATION; TRANSPORTATION FUELS; ZEOLITE CATALYSTS; ACETIC-ACID; TRIMERIZATION
subject category
Chemistry; Energy & Fuels; Engineering
authors
Antunes, BM; Rodrigues, AE; Lin, Z; Portugal, I; Silva, CM
our authors
Bruno Manuel Henriques Simões Antunes
PhD Student
Carlos Manuel Silva
Associate Professor
Inês Portugal
Assistant Professor
Zhi Lin
Principal Researcheracknowledgements
The authors acknowledge the Fundacao para a Ciencia e Tecnologia for the Ph.D. grant of B.M. Antunes (SFRH/BD/66805/2009). This work was developed in the scope of the project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials (Ref. FCT UID/CTM/50011/2013), financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC and when applicable co-financed by FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership.