abstract
The volatile terpenic and norisoprenoids profile from elderflowers (Sambucus nigra L.) was established for two cultivars by multidimensional gas chromatography. From 47 monoterpenic, 13 sesquiterpenes and 5 norisoprenoids components, 38 are reported for the first time on elderflowers. Elderflower seasonality implies proper handling and storage conditions, for further processing, thus the impact of freezing, freeze-drying, air drying and vacuum packing, was evaluated on these potential aroma metabolites. The most suitable preservation methods, regarding the total metabolites content, were vacuum packing and freezing for intermediary storage times (24-32 weeks) with a reported overall decrease of the volatile terpenic and norisoprenoids of up to 58.6%; and freezing, for longer period (52 weeks), with a decrease of up to 47.4% (compared to fresh elderflowers). This study presents the most detailed terpenic and norisoprenoids elderflower profiling, and linalool oxides were proposed as markers for a more expedite assess to the impact of postharvest conditions. (C) 2017 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
keywords
2-DIMENSIONAL GAS-CHROMATOGRAPHY; FLIGHT MASS-SPECTROMETRY; MATRICARIA-RECUTITA L.; OLEO-GUM-RESIN; ESSENTIAL OIL; ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY; QUANTITATIVE-ANALYSIS; CHEMICAL-COMPOSITION; FROZEN STORAGE; LAURUS-NOBILIS
subject category
Chemistry; Food Science & Technology; Nutrition & Dietetics
authors
Salvador, AC; Silvestre, AJD; Rocha, SM
our authors
Ângelo Miguel Correia Salvador
Post-Doc Fellowship
Armando Jorge Domingues Silvestre
Full professoracknowledgements
Thanks are due to FCT/MEC for the financial support to the QOPNA research Unit (FCT UID/QUI/00062/2013) and CICECO (FCT UID/CTM/50011/2013), through national funds and where applicable co-financed by the FEDER, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement. The authors also thank RegieFrutas - Cooperativa Agricola do Tavora/Varosa for the samples supply, and Eng. Cesar Pereira, Eng. Nuno Dias, and Eng. Joao Trindade for their technical support. A. Salvador thanks the FCT/MEC for the PhD grant (SFRH/BD/73778/2010) through the program POPH/FSE.