abstract
A lignocellulosic residue from the pulp and paper industry (primary sludge) was employed to obtain carbon-based fluorescent nanomaterials. The unprecedented preparation of the carbon quantum dots (CQDs) was carried out using a microwave-assisted reaction catalyzed by a solid acid catalyst, which induced the formation of CQDs. The obtained CDQs were fully characterized using a number of analytical techniques. HR-TEM images depicted particle sizes of average diameter value of 17.5 nm. UV-visible spectra displayed a characteristic peak at 325 nm associated with the formation of CQDs. Fluorescence measurements recorded at 360 nm (excitation wavelength) exhibited an emission band at ca. 435 nm. This emission signal turned out to be dependent on the excitation wavelength that further confirmed the presence of CQDs.
keywords
MILL WASTE-WATER; ANAEROBIC-DIGESTION; VISIBLE-LIGHT; PULP; SLUDGE; PHOTOLUMINESCENCE; MANAGEMENT; NANOCRYSTALS; SPECTROSCOPY; DEGRADATION
subject category
Chemistry; Science & Technology - Other Topics; Engineering
authors
Rodriguez-Padron, D; Algarra, M; Tarelho, LAC; Frade, J; Franco, A; de Miguel, G; Jimenez, J; Rodriguez-Castellon, E; Luque, R
our authors
Jorge Ribeiro Frade
Retired Professoracknowledgements
Authors gratefully acknowledge funding from MINECO under CTQ2014-56422-P, CTQ2015-68951-C3-3R and CTQ2016-78289-P projects. R. Luque is also grateful for funding (project P10-FQM-6711) by Consejeria de Ciencia e Innovacion, Junta de Andalucia. G. de Miguel also thanks the MINECO for a "'RyC"' contract (RYC-2013-12772). Funding from CESAM - Centre for Environmental and Marine studies, project POCI-01-0145-FEDER-007638 (FCT UID/AMB/50017/2013) from FCT/MEC using financial funds as well as FEDER cofinanced under PT2020 Partnership Agreement. M. Algarra is also grateful to ARDITI for financial support under M1420-01-0145-FEDER-000005-CQM+ project (Madeira 14-20). The publication has been prepared with support from RUDN University Program 5-100.