abstract
Current environmental policies aim to reduce the levels of toxic substances in aquatic ecosystems and to promote the water reuse after appropriate treatment of wastewater. Chromium is a hazard element present in effluents of various industries that should be reduced to achieve the objectives of those policies. Most of the results reported in the literature concern the use of nanomaterials for chromium sorption dissolved either in synthetic or mono-elemental spiked solutions. The present work reviews the results of research undertaken in the last decade on the application of various nanomaterials to decrease chromium concentrations in contaminated waters. Major factors influencing the removal efficiency were examined. Because most of the published studies are based on simple experiments with deionized water and mono contamination further studies are suggested focused on effects of natural and artificial chelators, interferences of other trace elements competing with chromium sorption, and reduction of sorbent mass per water volume. (C) 2019 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
keywords
ZERO-VALENT IRON; HEAVY-METAL REMOVAL; HEXAVALENT CHROMIUM; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; MAGNETIC NANOPARTICLES; CR(VI) ADSORPTION; EFFICIENT REMOVAL; CUO NANOPARTICLES; HIGH-PERFORMANCE; NANO-MAGNETITE
subject category
Chemistry
authors
Almeida, JC; Cardoso, CED; Tavares, DS; Freitas, R; Trindade, T; Vale, C; Pereira, E
our authors
Celso Cardoso
PhD Student
Daniela Soraia dos Santos Tavares
PhD Student
Joana C. Almeida
Researcher
Tito Trindade
Full professoracknowledgements
This work was supported by the National Funding for Science and Technology (FCT) through doctoral grants to D.S. Tavares [SFRH/BD//103828/2014]; and the University of Aveiro, FCT/MEC for the financial support to CESAM, CICECO and CIIMAR [UID/AMB/50017/2013; UID/CTM/50011/2013; UID/Multi/04423/2013], through national funds and, where applicable, co-financed by the FEDER, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement. The work is connected objectives of the project Ecoservices (NORTE-01-0145-FEDER-00035).