abstract
In this work, in-situ application of natural occurring ilmenite (FeTiO3) for upgrading the producer gas from a pilot-scale bubbling fluidized bed gasifier was performed and its influence on the gas characteristics and gasifier performance was analyzed. Without using ilmenite, the producer gas average composition (volumetric basis, dry gas) was 15.2% CO, 7.6% H-2, 3.8% CH4 and 15.6% CO2, with 0.50 H-2:CO molar ratio and 5.0 MJ/Nm(3) lower heating value. For this condition, 1.6 Nm(3) gas/kg biomass (dry basis) specific dry gas production, 44.5% cold gas efficiency and 68.4% carbon conversion efficiency were attained. Using ilmenite as catalyst, the producer gas average composition (volumetric basis, dry gas) was 13.9% CO, 11.7% H-2, 4.0% CH4 and 17.9% CO2, with 0.84 H-2:CO molar ratio and 5.1 MJ/Nm(3) lower heating value. For this condition, 1.7 Nm(3) gas/kg biomass (dry basis) specific dry gas production, 49.8% cold gas efficiency and 75.5% carbon conversion efficiency were attained. Thus, in-situ application of ilmenite generally improved the gasifier performance and induced an increase of H-2 concentration and H-2:CO molar ratio in the producer gas of 35.1% and 40.7%, respectively, improving its suitability for advanced gas applications that require high H-2:CO ratios, such as liquid fuels and chemicals synthesis. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
keywords
DIRECT GASIFICATION; BIOFUEL PRODUCTION
subject category
Energy & Fuels
authors
Pio, DT; Gomes, HGMF; Tarelho, LAC; Ruivo, LCM; Matos, MAA; Pinto, RG; Frade, JR; Lemos, FMS
our authors
Jorge Ribeiro Frade
Retired Professor
Luís Carlos Marques Ruivo
PhD StudentProjects
Cellular oxide catalysts for emission lean combustion in porous media (LEANCOMB)
SusPhotoSolutions - Soluções Fotovoltaicas Sustentáveis (SUSPHOTOSOLUTIONS)
InPaCTus - Innovative Products and Technologies from Eucalyptus Project (InPacTus)
acknowledgements
The authors acknowledge the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology for the financial support provided through the following projects: PTDC/AAC-AMB/116568/2010 (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-019346) -BiomAshTech -Ash impacts during thermochemical conversion of biomass, PTDC/CTM-ENE/2942/2014 -LEANCOMB -Cellular oxide catalysts for emission lean combustion in porous media, project PO Centro 2020 (ref. CENTRO-01-0145-FEDER-000005) -SusPhotoSolutions -Solucoes Fotovoltaicas Sustent aveis, project POCI-01-0247-FEDER-021874 -INPACTUS -Innovative Products and Technologies from Eucalyptus and CMU Policy and Technology Analysis of Waste/Biomass Residue Gasification for Energy Production in Portugal (ref. TMP/0032/2017). Thanks are due for the financial support to CESAM, Portugal (UID/AMB/50017/2019), to FCT/MCTES through national funds, and the co-funding by the FEDER, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement and Compete 2020, and Compete 2020. The authors also acknowledge the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology and The Navigator Company, Portugal for providing financial support to the PhD scholarship granted to Daniel Pio (ref. PD/BDE/128620/2017).