abstract
The emergence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and hospital-acquired bacterial infection has become rampant due to antibiotic overuse. Virulence factors are secondary to bacterial growth and are important in their pathogenesis, and therefore, new antimicrobial therapies to inhibit bacterial virulence factors are becoming important strategies against antibiotic resistance. Here, we focus on anti-virulence factors that act through anti-quorum sensing and the subsequent clearance of bacteria by antimicrobial compounds, especially active herbal extracts. These quorum sensing systems are based on toxins, biofilms, and efflux pumps, and bioactive compounds isolated from medicinal plants can treat bacterial virulence pathologies. Ideally, bacterial virulence factors are secondary growth factors of bacteria. Hence, inhibition of bacterial virulence factors could reduce bacterial pathogenesis. Furthermore, anti-virulence factors from herbal compounds can be developed as novel treatments for bacterial infection. Therefore, this narrative review aims to discuss bacterial virulence factors acting through quorum sensing systems that are preserved as targets for treating bacterial infection by plant-derived compounds.
keywords
TOMENTOSA AITON HASSK.; BIOFILM FORMATION; EFFLUX PUMPS; EXTRACT; RESISTANCE; VIOLACEUM; TOXIN
subject category
Agriculture; Veterinary Sciences
authors
Kitpipit, W; Scholfield, CN; Sangkanu, S; Nissapatorn, V; Pereira, MD; Paul, AK; Mitsuwan, W
our authors
Maria de Lourdes Gomes Pereira
Associate Professor with AggregationProjects
CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDB/50011/2020)
CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (UIDP/50011/2020)
Associated Laboratory CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials (LA/P/0006/2020)
acknowledgements
This study was funded by Center of Excellence in Innovation of Essential Oil and Bioactive Compounds, Walailak University (Grant no. WU-COE-65-05) Thailand and the Project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, UIDB/50011/2020, UIDP/50011/2020 & LA/P/0006/2020, financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC (PIDDAC) . We would like to thank Akkhraratchakumari Veterinary College and One Health Research Center, Walailak University, Thailand, for the support. The authors acknowledge Biorender.com (access date: 08 January 2023) for the figure preparation.