resumo
This work aimed at characterizing the metabolome of the isopod Porcellionides pruinosus and at assessing its variations over 14 days under laboratory culture conditions and upon exposure to the contaminant metal Nickel (Ni). The spectral profiles obtained by H-1 NMR spectroscopy were thoroughly assigned and subjected to multivariate analysis in order to highlight consistent changes. Over 50 metabolites could be identified, providing considerable new knowledge on the metabolome of these model organisms. Several metabolites changed non-linearly with Ni dose and exposure time, showing distinct variation patterns for initial (4 days) and later time points (7 and 14 days). In particular, at day 4, several amino acids were increased and sugars were decreased (compared to controls), whereas these variations were inverted for longer exposure, possibly reflecting earlier and more intensive moulting. Other variations, namely in betaines and choline-containing compounds, were suggested to relate with osmoregulation and detoxification mechanisms. Ni also had a marked effect on several nucleotides (increased upon exposure) and a moderate impact on lipids (decreased upon exposure). Overall, this study has provided new information on the Ni-induced metabolic adaptations of the P. pruinosus isopod, paving the way for improved mechanistic understanding of how these model organisms handle soil contamination. Significance: This study provided, for the first time to our knowledge, a detailed picture of the NMR-detectable metabolome of terrestrial isopods and of its fluctuations in time and upon exposure to the contaminant metal Nickel. Several time- and dose-dependent changes were highlighted, providing mechanistic insight into how these important model organisms handle Ni contamination. (C) 2015 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
palavras-chave
LONG-TERM EXPOSURE; ENCHYTRAEUS-ALBIDUS; AVOIDANCE-BEHAVIOR; GENE-EXPRESSION; SCABER ISOPODA; FOOD QUALITY; TOXICITY; PESTICIDES; CRUSTACEA; CELLS
categoria
Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
autores
Ferreira, NGC; Saborano, R; Morgado, R; Cardoso, DN; Rocha, CM; Soares, AMVM; Loureiro, S; Duarte, IF
nossos autores
Cláudia Manuela Mesquita da Rocha
Estudante de doutoramento
Iola Melissa Fernandes Duarte
Investigador Principal
Raquel Teixeira Saborano
Estudante de mestradoagradecimentos
This work was developed in the scope of the projects CESAM (Ref. FCT UID/AMB/50017/2013) and CICECO - Aveiro Institute of Materials (Ref. FCT UID/CTM/50011/2013), financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC and when applicable co-financed by FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement. Funding by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) through the Competitive Factors Thematic Operational Programme (COMPETE) and by National Funds through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), under the project CLIMAFUN- CLImate Changes and Potential Impact on Soil FUNctional Ecology (FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-008656), and the PhD grants attributed to Nuno G. C. Ferreira (SFRH/BD/65739/2009), Rui Morgado (SFRH/BD/51039/2010) and Diogo N. Cardoso (SFRH/BD/52569/2014) are acknowledged. The authors are also grateful to Dr. Abel Ferreira for laboratorial support, and further acknowledge Dr. Manfred Spraul, Bruker BioSpin (Germany), for access to software and spectral database, and the Portuguese National NMR (PTNMR) Network, supported with FCT funds. Funding institutions had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or manuscript preparation.