resumo
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are widely used in industrial, cosmetic, and biomedical products, and humans are frequently exposed to these products through the skin. It is widely recognized that the characteristics of AgNPs (e. g., size, coating) may influence their cytotoxic effects, but their correlation with DNA damage and mitotic disorders remains poorly explored. In this study, human keratinocytes (HaCaT cell line) were exposed to well-characterized 30 nm AgNPs coated with citrate, and their effects on viability, DNA fragmentation (assessed by the comet assay), and micronuclei (MNi) induction (assessed by the cytokinesis-block micronucleus cytome assays, CBMN) were investigated. The results showed that 10 and 40 mu g/mL AgNPs decreased cell proliferation and viability, and induced a significant genetic damage. This was observed by an increase of DNA amount in comet tail, which linearly correlated with dose and time of exposure. Also, cytostaticity (increase of mononucleated cells) and MNi rates increased in treated cells. In contrast, no significant changes were observed in nucleoplasmatic bridges (NPBs) or nuclear buds (NBUDs), although NBUDs tended to increase in all conditions and periods. The cytostatic effects on HaCaT cells were also shown by the decrease of their nuclear division index. Thus, both comet and CBMN assays supported the observation that citrate-AgNPs induced genotoxic effects on HaCaTcells. Considering that AgNPs are present in a vast number of consumer products and also in multiple nanomedicine skin applications and formulations, more research is needed to determine the properties that confer less toxicity of AgNPs to different cell lines.
palavras-chave
CELL-CYCLE ARREST; DNA-DAMAGE; IN-VITRO; DIFFERENT SIZES; LINE; CYTOTOXICITY; TOXICITY; NANOTOXICITY; PARTICLES; APOPTOSIS
categoria
Environmental Sciences & Ecology
autores
Bastos, V; Duarte, IF; Santos, C; Oliveira, H
nossos autores
Helena Oliveira
Bolseiro de pós-Doutoramento
Iola Melissa Fernandes Duarte
Investigador PrincipalProjectos
agradecimentos
This work has been funded by the European Regional Development Fund (FEDER) through the Competitive Factors Thematic Operational Programme (COMPETE) and by National Funds through the Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT), under the projects CICECO - FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-037271 (Refa. FCT PEst-C/CTM/LA0011/2013) and FCOMP-01-0124-FEDER-021456 (Refa. FCT PTDC/SAU-TOX/120953/2010). The grants awarded by FCT to V.B. (SFRH/BD/81792/2011) and H.O. (SFRH/BPD/111736/2015) are also acknowledged. I.F.D acknowledges FCT/MCTES for a research contract under the Program 'Investigador FCT' 2014.