resumo
Perinatal tissues are an abundant source of human extracellular matrix proteins, growth factors and stem cells with proved potential use in a wide range of therapeutic applications. Due to their placental origin, these tissues possess unique biological properties, including being angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, anti-microbial and immune privileged. Additionally, as a temporary organ, placenta is usually discarded as a medical waste, thus providing an easily available, cost effective, 'unlimited' and ethical source of raw materials. Although some of these tissues, such as the amniotic membrane and umbilical cord, have been used in clinical practices, most of them continue to be highly under explored. This review aims to outline the most relevant applications of perinatal tissues as a source of biomaterials and stem cells in the exciting fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM), as well as highlight how these solutions can be used to overcome the shortage of adequate scaffolds and cell sources that currently hampers the translation of TERM strategies towards clinical settings. Statement of Significance Stem cells and extracellular matrix derived from perinatal tissues such as placenta and umbilical cord, have drawn great attention for use in a wide variety of applications in the biomedical field. Due to their origin, these tissues possess unique biological properties, including being angiogenic, anti-inflammatory, anti-fibrotic, anti-microbial and immune privileged. Also they are typically considered medical waste, thus providing an easily available, cost effective, 'unlimited' and ethical source of raw materials. This work aims to present and discuss the most relevant applications of perinatal tissues as a source of biomaterials and stem cells in the exciting fields of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine (TERM). (C) 2020 Acta Materialia Inc. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
palavras-chave
MESENCHYMAL STEM-CELLS; HUMAN UMBILICAL-CORD; HUMAN AMNIOTIC MEMBRANE; PLACENTA-DERIVED CELLS; HUMAN BONE-MARROW; EXTRACELLULAR-MATRIX; HEMATOPOIETIC STEM; STROMAL CELLS; EPITHELIAL-CELLS; IN-VITRO
categoria
Engineering; Materials Science
autores
Deus, IA; Mano, JF; Custodio, CA
nossos autores
Catarina de Almeida Custódio
Investigador Auxiliar
João Mano
Vice-Diretoragradecimentos
The authors acknowledge the funding from the European Research Council (ERC) forproject ATLAS (ERC-2014-ADG-669858) and the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) for the project BEAT (PTDC/BTM-MAT/30869/2017). This work was also developed within the scope of the project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, UIDB/50011/2020 & UIDP/50011/2020, financed by national funds through the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology/MCTES.