resumo
Given the rapid expansion of the Internet of Things and because of the concerns around counterfeited goods, secure and resilient cryptographic systems are in high demand. Due to the development of digital ecosystems, mobile applications for transactions require fast and reliable methods to generate secure cryptographic keys, such as Physical Unclonable Functions (PUFs). We demonstrate a compact and reliable photonic PUF device able to be applied in mobile-based authentication. A miniaturized, energy-efficient, and low-cost token was forged of flexible luminescent organic-inorganic hybrid materials doped with lanthanides, displaying unique challenge-response pairs (CRPs) for two-factor authentication. Under laser irradiation in the red spectral region, a speckle pattern is attained and accessed through conventional charge-coupled cameras, and under ultraviolet light-emitting diodes, it displays a luminescent pattern accessed through hyperspectral imaging and converted to a random intensity-based pattern, ensuring the two-factor authentication. This methodology features the use of a discrete cosine transform to enable a low-cost and semi-compact encryption system suited for speckle and luminescence-based CRPs. The PUF evaluation and the authentication protocol required the analysis of multiple CRPs from different tokens, establishing an optimal cryptographic key size (128 bits) and an optimal decision threshold level that minimizes the error probability. (C) 2022 Author(s).
palavras-chave
ORGANICALLY MODIFIED SILICATES; ROBUST; PUF
categoria
Science & Technology - Other Topics; Materials Science; Physics
autores
Silverio, T; Dias, LMS; Ramalho, JFCB; Correia, SFH; Fu, LS; Ferreira, RAS; Andre, PS
nossos autores
João Filipe Candeias Baptista Ramalho
Estudante de doutoramento
Lianshe Fu
Investigador Auxiliar
Maria Rute de Amorim e Sá Ferreira André
Professor Catedráticoagradecimentos
This work was developed within the scope of the project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials (Grant Nos. UIDB/50011/2020 and UIDP/50011/2020) and Instituto de Telecomunicacoes (Grant No. FCT Ref. UIDB/50008/2020) financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC and, when appropriate, co-financed by FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) in the frame of the Operational Competitiveness and Internationalization Program (POCI). L.M.S.D. thanks the FCT for the grant (Grant No. 2020.05802.BD).