resumo
In this study, the effects of Bi and Fe on the optical and electrical qualities of BaTiO3 made with the sol-gel method are examined. On the one hand, UV-visible spectroscopy is used to study the sample's optical behavior. This shows that the band gap energy is lower with Bi and Fe doping than with pure BaTiO3. On the other hand, an impedance spectroscopy investigation is carried out to reveal the conduction processes in the frequency range of 102 to 107 Hz and the temperature range of 450-650 K. This examination is carried out to investigate the conduction mechanisms. The conduction mechanism in the elaborated material is best described by the Overlapping Large Polaron Tunnelling model (OLPT), where the exponent s drops with temperature until reaching a minimal value, at which point it grows again. In addition, the Summerfield scaling method is used to investigate the relationship between conductivity and temperature. When the scaled curves are combined into one master curve, it shows that the time-temperature superposition principle (TTSP) is true and that Koop's concept about how the dielectric constant change with frequency is valid. So, the results give us new information about the optical and dielectric qualities of the functional barium titanate ceramics based on Bi and Fe.
palavras-chave
DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; ELECTRICAL-CONDUCTIVITY; FREQUENCY; CO; NANOPARTICLES; RELAXATION; MECHANISMS; IMPEDANCE; BEHAVIOR; GLASSES
categoria
Chemistry
autores
Gouadria, H; Mnasri, T; Jamale, AP; Sánchez, JL; Necib, J; Marín, P; Carmona, N; Smari, M
nossos autores
Atul Prabhakar Jamale
Investigador Júnior
Mourad Smari
Bolseiro de pós-Doutoramentoagradecimentos
Hamida Gouadria acknowledges funding from the Tunisian Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research. Mourad Smari acknowledges the financial support from the Program Ulam NAWA (Polish National Agency for Academic Exchange) under the project BPN/ULM/ 2021/1/00015/U/00001. Jesus Lopez Sanchez receives funding from the Ministerio de Asuntos Economicos y Transformacion Digital (MINECO) through the project PID2020-114192RB-C41. Pilar Marin acknowledges the financial support from the Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovacion (MICINN) through the project RTI2018-095856-B-C21 and Comunidad de Madrid by S2018/NMT-4321 "NANOMAGCOST"