abstract
This work describes the production of alternative adsorbents from industrial residues and their application for the removal of a highly consumed antidepressant (citalopram) from water. The adsorbents were produced by pyrolysis of both primary and biological paper mill sludge at different temperatures and residence times. The original sludge and the produced chars were fully characterized by elemental and proximate analyses, total organic carbon, specific surface area (BET), N-2 isotherms, FTIR, C-13 and H-1 solid state NMR and SEM. Batch kinetic and equilibrium experiments were carried out to describe the adsorption of citalopram onto the produced materials. The fastest kinetics and the highest adsorption capacity were obtained using primary sludge pyrolysed at 800 degrees C during 150 min. The use of pyrolysed paper mill sludge for the remediation of contaminated waters might constitute an interesting application for the valorization of those wastes. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
keywords
ENDOCRINE DISRUPTING COMPOUND; ACTIVATED CARBON; RECLAIMED WATER; SEWAGE-SLUDGE; PHARMACEUTICALS; ADSORPTION; BIOCHAR; PULP; CONTAMINANTS
subject category
Agriculture; Biotechnology & Applied Microbiology; Energy & Fuels
authors
Calisto, V; Ferreira, CIA; Santos, SM; Gil, MV; Otero, M; Esteves, VI
our authors
Sérgio Miguel Fernandes dos Santos
Assistant Researcheracknowledgements
This work was supported by European Funds through COMPETE and by National Funds through the Portuguese Science Foundation (FCT) within project PEst-C/MAR/LA0017/2013. Vania Calisto and Catarina I. A. Ferreira thank (FCT) for their postdoctoral (SFRH/BPD/78645/2011) and PhD grants (SFRH/BD/88965/2012), respectively. Also, Marta Otero acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation (RYC-2010-05634). The authors also thank the kind collaboration of Engo Luis Machado and Enga Ana Reis from RAIZ - Instituto de Investigacao da Floresta e do Papel.