Biphasic calcium phosphate scaffolds fabricated by direct write assembly: Mechanical, anti-microbial and osteoblastic properties

authors	Marques, CF; Perera, FH; Marote, A; Ferreira, S; Vieira, SI; Olhero, S; Miranda, P; Ferreira, JMF
nationality	International
journal	JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
author keywords	Robocasting; Biphasic calcium phosphate; Bone scaffolds; Mechanical properties
keywords	IN-VITRO; STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS; BONE REGENERATION; ESCHERICHIA-COLI; GLASS SCAFFOLDS; PORE-SIZE; SILVER; HYDROXYAPATITE; VIVO; ANTIBACTERIAL
abstract	The present work reports on the fabrication of 3-D porous calcium phosphate scaffolds by robocasting from biphasic (HA/beta-TCP approximate to 1.5) powders, undoped and co-doped with Sr and Ag. Scaffolds with different pore sizes and rod diameter of 410 mu m were fabricated and sintered at 1100 degrees C. The size and morphology of the powder particles, and the concentrations of the processing additives, were shown to play major roles in the robocasting process. For all pore sizes tested, the compressive strength of scaffolds was comparable to or even higher than that of cancellous bone, and mechanical data could be systematically correlated with the porosity fraction. Co-doping the starting powders with Sr and Ag enhanced the mechanical strength of scaffolds, conferred good antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli, and did not induce any cytotoxic effects on human MG-63 cells. Furthermore, the co-doped powder was more effective in inducing pre-osteoblastic proliferation. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
publisher	ELSEVIER SCI LTD
issn	0955-2219
year published	2017
volume	37
issue	1
beginning page	359
ending page	368
digital object identifier (doi)	10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2016.08.018
web of science category	Materials Science, Ceramics
subject category	Materials Science
unique article identifier	WOS:000384852400042