abstract
Zinc electrochemical deposition in porous anodic titania from 0.5 M ZnCl2 solution in choline chloride based deep eutectic solvent is reported. Electroreduction is performed by a pulse method in titanium dioxide templates modified in three different ways. Titania nanotubes were formed in ethylene glycol based electrolyte with 0,38% (wt) ammonium fluoride and 1,79% (wt) of water. The first template has been used as-prepared, without any modification. Such a matrix shows a low fill-factor and zinc electrodeposition mainly occurs on the top of the tubes. The next template was annealed at 450 degrees C to complete crystallization of titania. It results in electrodeposition of zinc along the entire tube surface and consequently in formation of coaxial structure. The third template was modified based on selective crystallization of the pore bottoms using higher anodization voltage (80 V) than the one used for tubes formation (40 V) in sulfuric acid electrolyte. The successful bottom-up filling of the titania nanotubes is demonstrated in this case. Investigation of the tubes filling is performed by a set of complementary techniques such as GDOES, SEM and TEM. (C) 2017 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.
keywords
ORGANIZED TIO2 NANOTUBES; CHOLINE CHLORIDE; IONIC LIQUIDS; ZINC ELECTRODEPOSITION; ETHYLENE-GLYCOL; NANOWIRE ARRAYS; OXIDE NANOTUBES; ANODIC ALUMINA; ELECTROLYTES; GROWTH
subject category
Electrochemistry; Materials Science
authors
Starykevich, M; Salak, AN; Zheludkevich, ML; Ferreira, MGS
our authors
Andrei Salak
Principal Researcher
Maksim Starykevich
Junior Researcher
Mário Guerreiro Silva Ferreira
Retired Professor
Mikhail Zheludkevich
Invited Principal ResearcherProjects
1-D nanostructures obtained by electrodeposition from ionic liquids (PTDC/CTM-NAN/113570/2009)
acknowledgements
The financial support of the European Commission and Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) in frame of the projects PIRSES-GA-2011-295273 - NANEL and PTDC/CTM-NAN/113570/2009, respectively, is gratefully acknowledged. M. Starykevich also thanks Prof. Patrik Schmuki and Nhat Truong Nguyen (University of Erlangen-Nuremberg) for advising on TEM samples preparation.