Exploring the effect of low concentration of stannum in lead-free BCT-BZT piezoelectric compositions for energy related applications

abstract

Piezoelectric, ferroelectric and electromechanical properties were studied at macroscopic and local scale level in stannum doped (Ba0.88Ca0.12)(SnxZr0.1-xTi0.9)O3 ceramics, with an objective to explore the effect of low content (0 <= x <= 0.5 at%) of the substituent (Sn) on the functional properties. The results exemplified that the substitution had an influence on the crystal lattice and microstructure that affected the dielectric, ferroelectric, and electromechanical properties. Enhancement in electrical/electromechanical properties were observed with stannum substitution. Optimal electrical properties were obtained in the composition with Sn = 0.3 at% that exhibited maximum piezoelectric constant d33 = 405 pC/N, planar electromechanical coupling factor kp -0.41, and saturation polarization Ps=12.1 mu C/cm2. The same composition showed an electric-field strain response, Smax -0.08% and a converse piezoelectric coefficient, d3*3 of -525 pm/V. Local scale characterization via piezoresponse force microscopy technique revealed complex domain patterns comprising stripe-like macro-domains and featureless nano-sized domains. Energy harvesting and energy storage performance were evaluated for exploring their suitability in energy applications.(c) 2023 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

keywords

ELECTROMECHANICAL PROPERTIES; SINTERING TEMPERATURE; ELECTRICAL-PROPERTIES; PHASE-TRANSITIONS; DEFECT CHEMISTRY; FREE CERAMICS; MICROSTRUCTURE; PERFORMANCE; RELAXATION; STABILITY

subject category

Chemistry; Materials Science; Metallurgy & Metallurgical Engineering

authors

Coondoo, I; Alikin, D; Abramov, A; Figueiras, FG; Shur, VY; Miranda, G

our authors

acknowledgements

I.C. would like to acknowledge financial assistance by national funds (OE) , through FCT - Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, I.P., in the scope of the framework contract foreseen in the numbers 4, 5 and 6 of the article 23, of the Decree-Law 57/2016, of August 29, changed by Law 57/2017, of July 19. The authors (I.C. and G.M.) gratefully acknowledge financial support through the FCT project " MultiFlex " EXPL/CTM-CTM/0687/2021. This work was partially developed within the scope of the project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials, UIDB/50011/2020, UIDP/50011/2020 & LA/P/0006/2020, financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC (PIDDAC) . Piezoresponse force microscopy and macroscopic strain loop measurements were done using facilities of the Ural Center for Shared Use "Modern nanotechnology" of Ural Federal University (Reg. #2968) , supported by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education RF (Project #075-15-2021-677) and funded by Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Russian Federation (project FEUZ-2023- 0017) . We also acknowledge FCT funding of IFIMUP: UIDP/04968/2020 and LaPMET: LA/P/0095/2020.

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