abstract
Adopting eco-friendly diets will demand the consumption of more plant-based protein food sources such as legumes. However, assessing the impact of such a dietary shift on the dietary and nutritional intake of traditionally omnivorous populations is needed. The objective of this study was to assess the impact of substituting a traditional omnivorous-based lunch for a vegetarian, legume-based meal on the daily dietary and nutritional intake in a group of omnivorous adults in the city of Porto, Portugal. Nineteen, non-vegetarian, healthy young adults consumed a vegetarian, legume-based meal from Monday to Friday, for 8 consecutive weeks. Socio-demographic data, health status, lifestyle-related information and anthropometric parameters were recorded. Three-day food records were used to collect food intake at baseline and week 8. European Food Safety Authority and World Health Organization reference values were used to assess nutritional inadequacies. Variables were described as medians (P-25 and P-75). Wilcoxon signed-rank and Mann-Whitney tests were used for statistical comparisons. A p-value of <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Participants consumed 38.0 (P-25 = 35.0; P-75 = 40.0) meals, resulting in an intake of 84.5 g (P-25 = 74.9; P-75 = 98.4) of cooked legumes per meal, meaning 11 subjects (57.9%) met the Portuguese guidelines for legume consumption (>= 80 g/day of legumes). The current dietary intervention did not seem to aggravate the prevalence of nutritional inadequacies for the macro- and micronutrients tested, except for the case of vitamin B-12 (52.6% [95% CI: 28.9-75.6] vs. 78.9% [95% CI: 54.4-94.0]). This could be linked to the reduction of dietary sources of this vitamin which is an expected consequence of vegetarian meals. Dietary changes towards grain legume-based diets are desirable yet need to be carefully implemented to prevent exacerbating potential nutrient inadequacies, especially of vitamin B-12.
keywords
CLIMATE-CHANGE; PULSES; BENEFITS
subject category
Nutrition & Dietetics
authors
Ferreira, H; Vasconcelos, M; Gil, AM; Oliveira, B; Varandas, E; Vilela, E; Say, K; Silveira, J; Pinto, E
our authors
Ana Maria Pissarra Coelho Gil
Associate Professor with Aggregation
Helena Alexandra Gonçalves Ferreira
PhD Studentacknowledgements
Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia, Grant/Award Number: SFRH/ BDE/132240/2017 and UIDB/50016/2020; European Union's Horizon 2020, Grant/ Award Number: 727973; CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials project, Grant/ Award Number: UIDP/50011/2020 and UIDB/50011/2020; FCT/MEC; FEDER