abstract
The efficiency of chitosan cross-linked with genipin (Chg) and cross-linked with genipin and grafted with caffeic acid (Ch(g+car)) to remove Hg(II) from waters was investigated. An optimal dose of 50 mg L-1 for both chitosan films was selected based on the equilibrium removal percentage and on the contact time required to attain the equilibrium. The sorption extent was dependent on the initial Hg(II) concentration (C-Hg,C-0), with removal efficiencies varying between 79% and 82% for C-Hg,C-0 = 0.05 mg L-1 and between 89% and 94% for C-Hg,C-0 = 0.50 mg L-1. Under ion competition, the Ch(g) and Ch(g+caf) films showed to be effective and selective for mercury in multimetallic solutions containing also cadmium and lead. In the case of natural river and seawaters, the mercury speciation played an important role in the overall sorption process, reducing the percentage removal of Hg. In terms of modeling, the kinetic data were well described by pseudo-first and pseudo-second order models, depending on the experimental conditions. The diffusion models suggested that the entire sorption process of Hg(II) by both Chg and Chg+caf films was essentially controlled by pore diffusion. The equilibrium data were well described by the Sips isotherm, and the estimated capacity was 2.2 and 4.0 mg g(-1) for Chg and Ch(g+caf) films, respectively. In the whole, the results showed that the sorption efficiency was improved by grafting caffeic acid to the polymeric chains of chitosan cross-linked with genipin. (C) 2016 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
keywords
METAL-IONS; AQUEOUS-SOLUTIONS; MERCURY IONS; WASTE-WATER; ADSORPTION; BIOSORPTION; MEMBRANES; MODELS; BIOSORBENTS; ADSORBENT
subject category
Engineering
authors
Rocha, LS; Almeida, A; Nunes, C; Henriques, B; Coimbra, MA; Lopes, CB; Silva, CM; Duarte, AC; Pereira, E
our authors
Carlos Manuel Silva
Associate Professor
Cláudia Batista Lopes
Assistant Researcher
Cláudia Nunes
Assistant Researcher
Luciana Sarabando da Rocha
Post-Doc Fellowshipacknowledgements
Thanks are due to University of Aveiro, CESAM, QOPNA, CICECO, CIIMAR and Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT) for the financial support (UID/AMB/50017/2013; UID/CTM/50011/2013; UID/Multi/04423/2013) through national funds and, where applicable, co-financed by the FEDER, within the PT2020 Partnership Agreement. Luciana Rocha, Claudia Nunes, Bruno Henriques and Claudia B. Lopes acknowledge their Post-doc grants (SFRH/BPD/47166/2008, SFRH/BPD/46584/2008, SFRH/BPD/112576/2015 and SFRH/BPD/99453/2014 respectively) to FCT.