abstract
Inclusion complexes that comprise beta-cyclodextrin (beta-CD) and trimethyl(ferrocenylmethyl)ammonium iodide (1) have been prepared by codissolution of the host and guest in ethanol/water, accompanied by either conventional heating at 40 degrees C for 26 h (to give 2) or microwave-assisted heating for 30 min (to give 3). Solids were isolated and characterized by elemental and thermogravimetric analyses, powder X-ray diffraction (XRD), and IR, Raman, and C-13{H-1} CP/MAS NMR spectroscopy. Powder XRD indicated the presence of microcrystalline inclusion compounds with supramolecular structures that comprise beta-CD head-to-head dimers arranged into infinite channels. A small crop of single crystals of the inclusion compound 2 were obtained and analyzed by XRD. Despite diffraction being very poor above a resolution of around 1 angstrom, the data could be indexed to the space group P1 (in agreement with powder XRD) and a reasonable structural model could be achieved when the asymmetric unit was composed of two directly located beta-CD hosts, 1.4 iron atoms, and a small fraction of iodide anions. By using these data as a starting point, DFT calculations were carried out and led to a model of the crystal structure that comprised 2:1 (host/guest) and 2:2 adducts. The cytotoxic and antiproliferative activities of 1 and 2 were tested against the breast adenocarcinoma MDA-MB-231 and osteosarcoma MG-63 cell lines. Results indicate that both 1 and 2 are cytotoxic against the MDA-MB- 231 line but exhibit negligible activity on the MG-63 line.
keywords
ESTROGEN-RECEPTOR MODULATORS; METAL-CARBONYL-COMPLEXES; C-13 CHEMICAL-SHIFTS; INCLUSION COMPLEXES; FERROCENIUM DERIVATIVES; ANTITUMOR-ACTIVITY; MOLYBDENUM; CHEMISTRY; COMPOUND; SERIES
subject category
Chemistry
authors
Bruno, SM; Fernandes, JA; Marques, J; Neto, SC; Ribeiro-Claro, PJ; Pillinger, M; Paz, FAA; Marques, MPM; Braga, SS; Goncalves, IS
our authors
Filipe Alexandre Almeida Paz
Principal Researcher
Isabel Maria de Sousa Gonçalves
Associate Professor
José Alberto Pires Fernandes
Post-doc Fellowship
Martyn Pillinger
Principal Researcher
Paulo Ribeiro-Claro
Associate Professor with Aggregation
Sofia M. Bruno
Assistant Researcher
acknowledgements
We are grateful to the Fundacao para a Ciencia e a Tecnologia (FCT), Orcamento de Estado (OE), and Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Regional (FEDER) through the programme COMPETE (Programa Operacional Factores de Competitividade), for their general financial support, and for specific funding towards the purchase of the single-crystal diffractometer. The FCT and the European Social Fund, through the Programma Operacional Potencial Humano (POPH), are acknowledged for a PhD grant to J. M. (SFRH/BD/44791/2008), and for postdoc grants to S. M. B. (SFRH/BPD/46473/2008) and J. A. F. (SFRH/BPD/63736/2009).