abstract
B-site Fe-doped (Ba0.85Ca0.15)(Ti0.9Zr0.1)O-3 was synthesized by a facile chemical route to study the effect of doping on its physical properties. Detailed analysis of X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy data revealed an increased lattice strain and thereby deviation from the morphotropic phase boundary with the progressive doping of Fe from 1 to 5 mol%. Such structural changes have resulted in the weakening of the energy band gap as well as deterioration of the ferroelectric polar nature which was evidenced by a shift of tetragonal to cubic transitions towards room temperature and hard doping effects in ferroelectric hysteresis. The doped samples exhibited room temperature ferromagnetism. Combined Mossbauer and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopic studies suggest that oxygen vacancies and defect complexes induced by Fe doping play a major role in magnetic properties. Local piezoresponse measurements illustrated imprint characteristics of ferroelectric domains in undoped and doped samples at the nanoscale. Room temperature magnetoelectric (ME) measurements revealed that 1 mol% Fe doped sample, having higher ferroelectric polarization and moderate magnetization, exhibits a strong ME response with a coefficient of 12.8 mV cm(-1) Oe(-1). The present study on Fe-doping effects on the structure and related ME properties of this important lead-free material is useful to tailor multiferroic applications in electronics.
keywords
DIELECTRIC-PROPERTIES; TITANATE CERAMICS; THIN-FILMS; BATIO3; FERROMAGNETISM; MAGNETISM; SIZE; NANOPARTICLES; PRESSURE; SPECTRA
subject category
Materials Science; Physics
authors
Ramana, EV; Figueiras, F; Mahajan, A; Tobaldi, DM; Costa, BFO; Graca, MPF; Valente, MA
our authors
David Maria Tobaldi
Researcher
Fábio Gabriel Nazário Figueiras
Post-Doc Fellowshipacknowledgements
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support from FCT, Portugal (SFRH/BPD/75582/2010) and COMPETE 2020 of FCT under the project UID/CTM/50025/2013. This work was developed in the scope of the project CICECO-Aveiro Institute of Materials (Ref. FCT UID/CTM/50011/2013), financed by national funds through the FCT/MEC and when applicable co-financed by FEDER under the PT2020 Partnership Agreement and Post-doc grant of one of the authors (FF, SFRH/BPD/80663/2011).